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在系统安装完毕后,通常我们只需按照缺省配置启动sendmail邮件服务就可以用mail,OutLook,Foxmail等常用工具收发邮件了。
简单操作如下:
# startsrc -s sendmail -a “-bd -q30m” (启动邮件服务后台进程)
# vi /etc/inetd.conf, (uncomment the following line)
pop3 --stream --tcp --nowait --root-- /usr/sbin/pop3d pop3d
# refresh -s inetd (刷新超级守护进程,允许pop3客户端连接)
常见问题一、
当我们需要把AIX服务器的root信箱转发到我们的常用个人信箱以保证及时收到系统发出的重要warning或者报错的话,我们就要配置aliases别名。
举例如下(红色为我们需要输入的命令,蓝色为我们需要编辑加入的内容)
# vi /etc/aliases
# Alias for mailer daemon
MAILER-DAEMON:root
# Following alias is required by the new mail protocol, RFC 822
postmaster:root
# Aliases to handle mail to msgs and news
nobody: /dev/null
# Alias to which SSA related warnings are mailed
ssa_adm: root
# Alias for admin issue
root: root,test@cn.sendmail.com
要使改动生效,有两种办法
(1) # sendmail -bi
(2) # newaliases
当执行命令遇到如下信息时,我们需要检查目录的许可权限是否设对。
# newaliases
WARNING: Group writable Directory /var/spool
WARNING: Group writable directory /var/spool/mqueue
/etc/mail/aliases: 5 aliases, longest 17 bytes, 78 bytes total
# ls -dl /var/spool
drwxrwxr-x --12 bin --bin -- --512 Dec 19 11:26 /var/spool
# ls -dl /var/spool/mqueue
drwxrwxr-x --2 root --system --512 Mar 17 18:08 /var/spool/mqueue
# chmod 755 /var/spool
# chmod 755 /var/spool/mqueue
# newaliases
/etc/mail/aliases: 5 aliases, longest 17 bytes, 78 bytes total
另一种警告信息的解决
# sendmail -bi
WARNING: World writable directory /etc
dbm map "Alias0": unsafe map file /etc/aliases
WARNING: cannot open alias database /etc/aliases
Cannot create database for alias file /etc/aliases: A system call received a par
ameter that is not valid.
# ls -dl /etc
drwxrwxrwx --30 root --system ----4096 Mar 17 10:35 /etc
# chmod 755 /etc
# sendmail -bi
/etc/aliases: There are 4 aliases. The longest is 9 bytes, with 57 bytes total.
备注:
除此aliases全局设置方法外,我们还可以编辑用户自己属主目录下的$HOME/.forward
add line with the target mail address, for example
test@cn.sendmail.com
存盘退出后,凡是发到用户的信都会同时转发到test@cn.sendmail.com
常见问题二、
当我们的/etc/sendmail.cf被误删除,或者被损坏,或者被改的面目全非时,如何处理?
(1) # cp /usr/lpp/bos.net/inst_root/etc/mail/sendmail.cf
/etc/sendmail.cf
备注:在/usr/lpp/bos.net/inst_root/etc目录下有很多系统文件的重要拷贝,如
inetd.conf/rc.tcpip/syslog.conf 等许多许多。
(2) 重新创建 sendmail.cf(以AIX 4.3.3为例) 步骤如下:
首先我们要确认系统中存在下列文件集: bos.adt.base &bos.net.tcp.adt
AIX 将产生定制sendmail配置文件的工具和宏放在/usr/samples/tcpip/sendmail/cf
具体操作步骤如下:
#cd /usr/samples/tcpip/sendmail/cf
这里有我们需要的文件aix433.mc. 它包含我们需要定制的sendmail特性
#cp aix433.mc mysendmail.mc 创建它的一份拷贝
#vi mysendmail.mc
divert(0)dnl
OSTYPE(aix43)dnl
FEATURE(genericstable)dnl
FEATURE(mailertable)dnl
FEATURE(virtusertable)dnl
FEATURE(domaintable)dnl
FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl
FEATURE(promiscuous_relay)dnl
FEATURE(accept_unresolvable_domains)dnl
FEATURE(accept_unqualifIEd_senders)dnl
DOMAIN(generic)dnl
MAILER(local)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(uucp)
编辑修改后如下:
#more mysendmail.mc
--------------------------------------------
divert(0)dnl
OSTYPE(aix433)dnl
FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl
DOMAIN(generic)dnl
MAILER(local)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(uucp)
--------------------------------------------