在job 运行代理步骤中加入：
-OutputVerboseLevel 4 -Output C:\TEMP\mergeagent.log
运行复制job即可

引自:
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:9mOGrpV0zukJ:www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/1679/getting-additional-error-messaging-information-for-sql-server-replication/+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&client=firefox-a

参数：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms147839.aspx