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Postfix邮件服务器配置中的常见问题解答
思韵闪耀
2013-03-18 13:57:14
0次

        在配置Postfix中遇到的一些问题及相关的解决方法，希望在遇到相同的问题时能起参考的作 用．在这里有必要提到一些相关的日志文件，因为很多的错误都会在日志中有体现，日志文件的存 放位置可以由用户定义，这里所说的日志文件是按前面的文章中定义的存放位置

显示信件列表： postqueue -p
显示信件內容： postcat -q Queue_ID
刪除各別信件：postsuper -d Queue_ID
全部刪除： postsuper -d ALL
扣住信件： postsuper -h Queue_ID
回复： postsuper -H Queue_ID
重新排程：
postsuper -r Queue_ID
postsuper -r ALL
清除信件：
postqueue -f (全部)
postqueue -s 主机名称(个别对象)
要查看Postfix的当前主要配置文件的存放路径：
postconf -n

系统日志：tail -f /var/log/messages
邮件日志：tail -f /var/log/maillog
clamd相关： tail -f /var/log/clamav/clamd.log　　tail -f /var/log/clamav/freshclam.log
maildrop相关：tail -f /var/log/maildrop.log
apache相关：tail -f /usr/local/httpd/logs/error_log　　tail -f /usr/local/httpd/logs/suexec_log
mysql相关： tail -f /usr/local/mysql/data/linux.linux.com.err
测试amavisd： amavisd -d config debug-sa
测试spam： spamassassin -D –lint
测试maildrop： maildrop -V 10 -d test@test.com

问题一：


Q
Aug 7 22:26:22 mail postfix/smtpd[16829]: warning: xsasl_cyrus_server_get_mechanism_list:
no applicable SASL mechanisms
Aug 7 22:26:22 mail postfix/smtpd[16829]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms
Aug 7 22:26:23 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd
pid 16829 exit status 1
Aug 7 22:26:23 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd:
bad command startup -- throttling
Aug 7 22:28:06 mail postfix/smtpd[16830]: warning: xsasl_cyrus_server_get_mechanism_list:
no applicable SASL mechanisms
Aug 7 22:28:06 mail postfix/smtpd[16830]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms
Aug 7 22:28:07 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd
pid 16830 exit status 1
******************************************************************
A
ln -s /usr/local/lib/sasl2 /usr/lib/sasl2


Q

Aug 7 22:26:22 mail postfix/smtpd[16829]: warning: xsasl_cyrus_server_get_mechanism_list:

no applicable SASL mechanisms

Aug 7 22:26:22 mail postfix/smtpd[16829]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms

Aug 7 22:26:23 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd

pid 16829 exit status 1

Aug 7 22:26:23 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd:

bad command startup -- throttling

Aug 7 22:28:06 mail postfix/smtpd[16830]: warning: xsasl_cyrus_server_get_mechanism_list:

no applicable SASL mechanisms

Aug 7 22:28:06 mail postfix/smtpd[16830]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms

Aug 7 22:28:07 mail postfix/master[16825]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/smtpd

pid 16830 exit status 1

******************************************************************

A

ln -s /usr/local/lib/sasl2 /usr/lib/sasl2

问题二：


Q
Jan 15 20:24:43 localhost postfix/smtpd[3048]: warning: SASL authentication problem:
unable to open Berkeley db /etc/sasldb2: No such file or directory
********************************************************************
A
系统已经安装sasl-cyrus 删除掉，然后编译重装


Q

Jan 15 20:24:43 localhost postfix/smtpd[3048]: warning: SASL authentication problem:

unable to open Berkeley db /etc/sasldb2: No such file or directory

********************************************************************

A

系统已经安装sasl-cyrus 删除掉，然后编译重装

问题三：


Q
install_driver(mysql) failed: Can't locate DBD/mysql.pm in @INC (@INC contains:
********************************************************************
A
[root@redhat tmp]# tar zxvf DBD-mysql-3.0008.tar.gz 重新安装


Q

install_driver(mysql) failed: Can't locate DBD/mysql.pm in @INC (@INC contains:

********************************************************************

A

[root@redhat tmp]# tar zxvf DBD-mysql-3.0008.tar.gz 重新安装

问题四：


Q
Can't chdir to /home/mailbox//Maildir, No such file or directory
********************************************************************
A
不能进入邮件目录，请先在extman后台建立postmaster用户


Q

Can't chdir to /home/mailbox//Maildir, No such file or directory

********************************************************************

A

不能进入邮件目录，请先在extman后台建立postmaster用户

问题五：


Q
SELECT username, password, "", '1001', '1001', concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir), "", "",
username, "" FROM mailbox WHERE username = "test@test.com"
maildrop: Timeout quota exceeded.
********************************************************************
A
请检查/usr/local/authlib/etc/authlib/mysqlauthrc的quota配置项


Q

SELECT username, password, "", '1001', '1001', concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir), "", "",

username, "" FROM mailbox WHERE username = "test@test.com"

maildrop: Timeout quota exceeded.

********************************************************************

A

请检查/usr/local/authlib/etc/authlib/mysqlauthrc的quota配置项

问题六：


Q
sh: /usr/sbin/sendmail: No such file or directory
********************************************************************
A
ln -s /usr/local/postfix-2.2.8/src/sendmail/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail


Q

sh: /usr/sbin/sendmail: No such file or directory

********************************************************************

A

ln -s /usr/local/postfix-2.2.8/src/sendmail/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail

问题八：


Q
error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
********************************************************************
A
[root@linux tmp]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3.i386.rpm


Q

error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

********************************************************************

A

[root@linux tmp]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3.i386.rpm

问题九：


Q
Starting mail statistics grapher: mailgraph_ext
Can't locate RRDs.pm in @INC (@INC contains:
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi
********************************************************************
A
ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/RRDs.pm 
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/


Q

Starting mail statistics grapher: mailgraph_ext

Can't locate RRDs.pm in @INC (@INC contains:

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi

********************************************************************

A

ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/RRDs.pm

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/

问题十：


Q
Can't locate loadable object for module RRDs in @INC (@INC contains:
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi
********************************************************************
A
ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/RRDs/RRDs.so 
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/


Q

Can't locate loadable object for module RRDs in @INC (@INC contains:

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi

********************************************************************

A

ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/RRDs/RRDs.so

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/

问题十一：


Q
Can't load '/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/GD/GD.so'
for module GD: libgd.so.2:
cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory at
/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/DynaLoader.pm
line 230., referer:
********************************************************************
A
[root@linux tmp]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@linux tmp]# less /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/X11R6/lib
/usr/local/mysql/lib
/usr/local/BerkeleyDB/lib
/usr/local/authlib/lib/courier-authlib
/usr/local/sasl2/lib
/usr/local/sasl2/lib/sasl2
/usr/local/clamav/lib
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/authlib/lib/courier-authlib
/usr/local/gd/lib
/usr/local/jpeg/lib
/usr/local/fontconfig/lib
/usr/local/freetype2/lib
/usr/local/png/lib
[root@linux tmp]# ldconfig -v


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Q

Can't load '/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/GD/GD.so'

for module GD: libgd.so.2:

cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory at

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/DynaLoader.pm

line 230., referer:

********************************************************************

A

[root@linux tmp]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf

[root@linux tmp]# less /etc/ld.so.conf

include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

/usr/X11R6/lib

/usr/local/mysql/lib

/usr/local/BerkeleyDB/lib

/usr/local/authlib/lib/courier-authlib

/usr/local/sasl2/lib

/usr/local/sasl2/lib/sasl2

/usr/local/clamav/lib

/usr/local/lib

/usr/local/authlib/lib/courier-authlib

/usr/local/gd/lib

/usr/local/jpeg/lib

/usr/local/fontconfig/lib

/usr/local/freetype2/lib

/usr/local/png/lib

[root@linux tmp]# ldconfig -v

问题十二：


Q
httpd: Syntax error on line 99 of /etc/httpd/httpd.conf:
Cannot load /usr/local/httpd/modules/libphp5.so into server: /usr/local/httpd/modules/libphp5.so:
cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
********************************************************************
A
1：禁用selinux
2：chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/local/apache2/modules/*.so


Q

httpd: Syntax error on line 99 of /etc/httpd/httpd.conf:

Cannot load /usr/local/httpd/modules/libphp5.so into server: /usr/local/httpd/modules/libphp5.so:

cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

********************************************************************

A

1：禁用selinux

2：chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/local/apache2/modules/*.so

问题十三：


Q
Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authldaplib: sysusername=<null>, sysuserid=1001, sysgroupid=1001,
homedir=/var/mailbox/test.com/test01, address=test01@test.com, fullname=test01,
maildir=test.com/test01/Maildir/, quota=5242880S, options=<null>
Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authldaplib: clearpasswd=<null>,
passwd=$1$8pBM6cXc$Va6UkybwOdSyExU82pQ1A0
Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: rebinding with DN
'mail=test01@test.com,virtualDomain=test.com,o=extmailAccount,dc=test.com'
to validate password
Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authentication bind failed, invalid credentials
******************************************************************
A
vi /etc/authlib/authldaprc
72 #LDAP_AUTHBIND 1


Q

Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authldaplib: sysusername=<null>, sysuserid=1001, sysgroupid=1001,

homedir=/var/mailbox/test.com/test01, address=test01@test.com, fullname=test01,

maildir=test.com/test01/Maildir/, quota=5242880S, options=<null>

Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authldaplib: clearpasswd=<null>,

passwd=$1$8pBM6cXc$Va6UkybwOdSyExU82pQ1A0

Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: rebinding with DN

'mail=test01@test.com,virtualDomain=test.com,o=extmailAccount,dc=test.com'

to validate password

Jun 20 15:29:08 mail authdaemond: authentication bind failed, invalid credentials

******************************************************************

A

vi /etc/authlib/authldaprc

72 #LDAP_AUTHBIND 1

问题十四：


Q
pop3d: chdir test.com/test01: No such file or directory
********************************************************************
A
vi /etc/authlib/authldaprc
#LDAP_MAILDIR mailMessageStore


Q

pop3d: chdir test.com/test01: No such file or directory

********************************************************************

A

vi /etc/authlib/authldaprc

#LDAP_MAILDIR mailMessageStore

问题十五：


Q
configure: error: Please fix the library issues listed above and try again.
********************************************************************
A
cp /usr/local/png/lib/pkgconfig/libpng.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/


Q

configure: error: Please fix the library issues listed above and try again.

********************************************************************

A

cp /usr/local/png/lib/pkgconfig/libpng.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/

问题十六：


Q
Can't locate GD.pm in @INC (@INC contains:
********************************************************************
A
安装GD-2.35.tar.gz


Q

Can't locate GD.pm in @INC (@INC contains:

********************************************************************

A

安装GD-2.35.tar.gz

问题十七：


Q
怎样查看postfix日志成功接收到邮件：(交货到邮件目录)
********************************************************************
A
cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir"
cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir" | egrep -o "(w+)([@]{1}w+[.]{1,})(w+)"


Q

怎样查看postfix日志成功接收到邮件：(交货到邮件目录)

********************************************************************

A

cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir"

cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir" | egrep -o "(w+)([@]{1}w+[.]{1,})(w+)"

问题十八：


Q
怎样取当天日志：
********************************************************************
A
cat /var/log/maillog | egrep "`data | awk "`'{print ""$2" "$3""}'`"


Q

怎样取当天日志：

********************************************************************

A

cat /var/log/maillog | egrep "`data | awk "`'{print ""$2" "$3""}'`"

问题十九：


Q
怎样取指定日期日志：
********************************************************************
A
cat /var/log/maill | grep "^Sep 25" | egrep "reject|warning|error|fatal|panic" | more


Q

怎样取指定日期日志：

********************************************************************

A

cat /var/log/maill | grep "^Sep 25" | egrep "reject|warning|error|fatal|panic" | more

以上是辰逸在网络上看到的各种问题及解决办法，其中一部分也帮助辰逸解决了一些麻烦， 管理postfix和Extmail做法，近期就会更新到博客，由于这个实验的量不是很小而且要想让看的人能懂，的确很不容易！所以辰逸可能需要多一些时间来解决这些问题！
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上一篇：安装配置Postfix+Extmail邮件服务器系统全过程

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